Influence of pH, Heat and Enzymatic Treatments on the Activity of Antibacterial Substance in MRS and Milk Media Produced by Lactobacillus fermentum F6

This study aimed to investigate the influence of pH,heat and enzymatic treatments on the activity of antibacterial substance in MRS,skim soy milk and bovine milk media fermented by a potential probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum F6.The antibacterial activity of the culture supernatant of L.fermentum F6 was tested against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Listeria monocytogenes,Salmonella typhimurium,and Shigella flexneri.Different antibacterial activities were detected in MRS and milk but not in soy milk.We presumed that three kinds of probable components including organic acids,heat-stable and heat-labile proteinaceous compounds were involved in antibacterial activity of fermented MRS and milk.The influence of acids on antibacterial activity was pH-dependent and this effect multiplied with thermal treatments seemed complex.Data analyses showed various significant differences of antibacterial activity among five pathogens were observed in pH and heat treatments.The untreated fermented milk showed higher inhibitory activity to Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria （P 〈 0.05）,indicating antibacterial substances of fermented milk are greatly different from fermented MRS.An accurate stimulated gastrointestinal transit showed antibacterial substances would have no influence on intestinal flora.Acidic range of antibacterial substances from pH 2.0 to 6.0 can be potentially used as food biopreservatives and alternative therapeutics.     

复合微生态制剂对肉仔鸡血清生化指标和十二指肠组织形态的影响

本试验旨在研究由鼠李糖乳杆菌和啤酒酵母共生培养物制备的复合微生态制剂对肉仔鸡血清生化指标和十二指肠组织形态的影响。试验选用1日龄健康艾维茵肉仔鸡240只,随机分为6个组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组饲喂含600 mg/kg金霉素的基础日粮,4个试验组饲喂基础日粮,并在饮水中分别添加0.1%、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%复合微生态制剂。试验结果表明,复合微生态制剂能有效提高肉仔鸡血清钙、磷、总蛋白、球蛋白和白蛋白的含量(P＜0.05),能降低胆固醇的含量和白球比(P＜0.05),并使十二指肠肠绒毛密度增加,长度显著增长(P＜0.05)。复合微生态制剂对肉仔鸡血清中某些生化指标和十二指肠组织形态有一定的影响。     

嗜酸乳杆菌La-1产细菌素发酵条件的研究

合适的发酵条件能够有效地提高嗜酸乳杆菌La-1细菌素的产量。在已经确定碳源、氮源和复合维生素的基础上,采用正交试验的方法研究了以MRS为基础的发酵培养基中各营养成分的相互协同作用,10L发酵罐试验证实,优化后的培养基和各项优化技术参数能使细菌总数提高了53.6%,细菌素抗菌活性提高了35.3%,抑菌圈达到了25mm以上。     

动物乳杆菌发酵液的体外抑菌试验

采用牛津杯法测定了动物乳杆菌发酵液及除酸、除过氧化氢后的发酵液对各种指示菌的抑制作用。研究结果显示：动物乳杆菌原始发酵液的抑菌效果最好;除酸后的发酵液的抑菌效果有一定变化,抑菌谱减小;而除过氧化氢后的发酵液的抑菌谱与除酸后的没有变化。     

嗜酸乳杆菌的亚油酸异构酶基因克隆及其pMG36e表达载体的构建

以嗜酸乳杆菌基因组为模板,对亚油酸异构酶基因进行PCR,PCR产物克隆到pMD-19T质粒中,经菌落PCR、酶切分析和DNA测序鉴定克隆成功后,亚克隆入乳酸菌表达质粒pMG36e,构建乳酸菌表达载体pMG36e-LAI并转化到大肠杆菌DH5α中,经菌落PCR和酶切分析初步证明表达载体pMG36e-LAI构建成功。该研究为利用工程菌工业化生产高产量、高活性亚油酸异构酶制剂来生产CLA奠定基础。     

质粒pUC19-CM-D的构建及应用

[目的]用克隆载体pUC19构建乳杆菌自杀质粒及乳杆菌基因缺失工程菌[方法]在质粒pUC19的多克隆位点插入氯霉素抗性基因构建pUC19-CM载体;在pUC19-CM载体氯霉素抗性基因的两侧均添加1个用于同源重组的同源臂,再构建成自杀质粒pUC19-CM-D。将自杀质粒pUC19-CM-D转化乳杆菌进行抗性筛选即可得到目标基因被抗性基因替换的突变株。[结论]pUC19-CM-D质粒的构建及应用为乳杆菌基因缺失工程菌的构建提供了一个快速有效的手段,也为乳杆菌基因功能研究奠定了基础。     

含水量和乳酸菌制剂对狗尾草发酵品质的影响

研究含水量(30%、35%和40%)和乳酸菌制剂添加量(3%、6%、9%和12%)对成熟期狗尾草(Setariaviridis(L.)Beauv.干草发酵品质的影响。结果表明,在含水量30%条件下添加乳酸菌制剂显著降低粗蛋白质含量(P<0.05);含水量35%和40%条件下添加乳酸菌制剂显著降低粗纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量(P<0.05);随着含水量的升高pH值趋于降低,乳酸、丁酸产量趋于增加;含水量和乳酸菌制剂对pH值、乳酸产量以及乳酸菌数量具有显著的互作效应(P<0.05);在含水量30%-40%条件下,添加乳酸菌制剂3%-12%,各处理组的发酵品质均为优或良。     

植物乳杆菌(LP HMX-3)对仿刺参生长、消化、免疫和肠道菌群的影响

为探究植物乳杆菌LP HMX-3对仿刺参生长性能、消化酶活性、免疫能力和肠道菌群的影响,选择初始体重为(4.22±0.05)g的仿刺参,随机分为对照组(C组)和LP HMX-3添加组即10⁵ CFU/g的LL组和10⁷ CFU/g的LM组,进行为期8周的养殖实验。结果显示,(1)LP HMX-3显著提高了仿刺参的终体重、增重率以及特定生长率,且LL组的生长指标更优;(2)LL组的肠道淀粉酶和LM组的肠道脂肪酶活性显著高于C组,说明LP HMX-3可能提高仿刺参的消化利用率;(3)LL组和LM组体腔液的碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性以及LM组的酸性磷酸酶活性均显著高于C组,此外,LL组和LM组体腔细胞Aj-p105和Aj-catalase表达量以及LM组的Aj-C3表达量显著高于C组,说明LP HMX-3可增强仿刺参的免疫力;(4)由16S r DNA V4区测序可知,α多样性指数显示,LP HMX-3显著提高了仿刺参肠道微生物丰富度和均匀度,但LL组和LM组差异不大;β多样性分析显示,LL组和LM组的微生物种群结构相似,但明显不同于C组;(5)在...     

Effects of dietary heat‐killed Lactobacillus plantarum L‐137 (HK L‐137) on the growth performance,digestive enzymes and selected non‐specific immune responses in sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus Selenka

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of dietary heat‐killed Lactobacillus plantarum L‐137 (HK L‐137) on growth performance, digestive, non‐specific immune and phagocytosis of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus. Sea cucumbers (initial body weight 1.35 ± 0.04 g) were fed diets supplemented with five levels of HK L‐137 (0, 0.005, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.25 g HK L‐137 kg^?1 diets) for 60 days. Results indicated sea cucumbers fed with diets containing 0.05 and 0.25 g HK L‐137 kg^?1 diets showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher body weight gain and specific growth rate than other groups. Sea cucumbers fed with diets containing 0.05 and 0.25 g HK L‐137 kg^?1 diets showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher protease activity than control group. Higher amylase, lysozyme and phagocytic activities were found in 0.25 g HK L‐137 kg^?1 diet group. Higher superoxide dismutase enzyme and alkaline phosphatase activity was found in 0.05 g HK L‐137 kg^?1. While no significant differences (P > 0.05) were found in acid phosphatase activity. These results suggested that dietary supplementation of 0.05 g HK L‐137 kg^?1 diets would have benefit on growth, digestive enzymes and several non‐specific immune parameters of sea cucumber.     

酸马奶提取植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素的理化特性研究

为研究从酸马奶中提取的植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素的理化特性,本试验提纯植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素,经过硫酸铵沉淀、透析后得到细菌素粗提液,再利用SephadexG-100凝胶柱层析进行纯化后,细菌素的比活力明显增加,达到154.70 AU/mL,得率为43.5%.采用牛津杯法测定纯化的植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素在3种不同方式处理下对牛源野生致病性大肠杆菌O78抑菌效果的影响.结果显示:①植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素在5组温度处理下,随着温度的升高抑菌作用降低,各组抑菌作用差异显著(P<0.05).即使121 ℃处理30 min后,抑菌直径仍达14.90 mm.②植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素在pH 2.0~12.0由低到高的11组酸碱处理下,pH越大抑菌直径越小,且除了pH 9.0和pH 10.0之间差异不显著(P>0.05)外,其余各组抑菌作用均差异显著(P<0.05). ③植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素经胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶3种酶处理后抑菌直径变化明显,处理前后抑菌作用均差异显著(P<0.05).结果表明植物乳杆菌DSM20174细菌素是较好的抑菌活性物质,但不是热稳定性物质;具有较广泛的pH适用范围,且pH越小时其抑菌活性越强,在最适生长pH时抑菌活性有所增强;不是蛋白酶稳定性物质.